What is the presumption of innocence in legal terms?

The presumption of innocence is a fundamental principle in legal systems that establishes that an individual accused of a crime is considered innocent until they are proven guilty. This principle ensures that the burden of proof lies with the prosecution, which is responsible for presenting evidence that establishes the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

This foundational concept is essential in protecting the rights of individuals accused of crimes, as it upholds the idea that everyone is entitled to fair treatment under the law and that guilt must be established through evidence and legal processes rather than assumptions. This principle is enshrined in many legal frameworks and appears in various human rights documents, reinforcing the notion of a fair trial.

The other options misinterpret the presumption of innocence. For instance, the idea of being guilty until proven innocent directly contradicts this principle, and being sentenced without trial negates the due process rights expected in a legal proceeding. Judgment based on character doesn't pertain directly to the presumption of innocence, as it suggests prejudice rather than a reliance on legal evidence and fair trial standards.